Antique Carriage Clocks
A 1700s version of our modern “travel alarm” clocks is the spring-driven carriage clock. It was designed to be easily carried when traveling “in a carriage”. It was 4-5 inches tall, usually with four glass sides in a brass frame with a carrying handle on top. France was dominant in the production of these authentic carriage clocks in the mid to late 1800s.
Antique carriage clocks are a fascinating category of timepieces known for their portability, precision, and elegant design. They were originally designed for travel, making them a popular choice among the affluent in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Here’s a comprehensive look at antique carriage clocks.
History and Origins of Carriage Clocks
Carriage clocks were first developed in the early 19th century, around 1810, by French clockmaker Abraham-Louis Breguet. They were designed to be portable, making them ideal for travel.
Popularity: These clocks quickly became popular among European nobility and wealthy travelers due to their reliability and compact design.
Characteristics of Antique Carriage Clocks
Carriage clocks are typically made of brass, often with gilding or silver plating. The cases can also feature glass panels on all sides, allowing visibility of the movement.
Design: They are usually rectangular with a carrying handle on top. The design ranges from simple and elegant to highly ornate, with decorative elements such as engravings, enamel work, and porcelain panels.
Dial: The dial is often made of enamel or porcelain and features Roman or Arabic numerals. It is usually protected by a beveled glass cover.
Movement: Carriage clocks have mechanical movements, often with an 8-day mechanism requiring weekly winding. Many also feature a platform escapement, which is a more durable and compact mechanism suitable for travel.
Size: These clocks are relatively small, typically ranging from 3 to 6 inches in height, making them easy to transport.
Notable Features of Vintage Carriage Clocks
Repetition Mechanism: Some carriage clocks include a repetition mechanism, allowing the user to press a button to hear the time chimed.
Alarm Function: Many antique carriage clocks come with an alarm function, which was particularly useful for travelers.
Complicated Movements: Higher-end models may include complications such as moon phases, calendars, or striking mechanisms that chime the hours and half-hours.
Notable Manufacturers of Carriage Clocks
Breguet (France): The original inventor of the carriage clock, known for high-quality and innovative designs.
Japy Frères (France): Renowned for producing high-quality clock movements and cases.
Tiffany & Co. (USA): Known for their luxurious and beautifully designed carriage clocks.
Dent (UK): Famous for their precision timepieces, including carriage clocks.
L'Epee (France): Known for their exquisite craftsmanship and intricate designs in carriage clocks.
Collecting Tips When Looking for the Right Authentic Carriage Clock
Look for maker’s marks, usually found on the movement or dial. Authentic carriage clocks will often have identifiable marks or signatures from reputable makers.
Condition: Inspect the clock for original parts and mechanisms. Check for any signs of repair or replacement, especially in the movement and escapement. The condition of the case, dial, and glass panels is also important.
Provenance: Documentation and history of the clock can enhance its value. Original receipts, labels, or family histories add to its authenticity and story.
Functionality: Ensure the clock is in working order or can be easily repaired. Antique clocks should ideally be maintained by a professional horologist.
Care and Maintenance of Carriage Clocks
Regularly dust the clock with a soft, dry cloth. Clean the glass panels with a gentle glass cleaner, and avoid using harsh chemicals on the metal case.
Winding: Wind the clock according to the manufacturer’s instructions, typically once a week. Be gentle to avoid damaging the movement.
Environment: Keep the clock in a stable environment with controlled temperature and humidity to prevent damage to the metal and movement.
Repairs: Have the clock serviced by a professional horologist to maintain the movement and ensure it continues to run accurately.